Effect of molecular mass and sulfate content of fucoidan from Sargassum siliquosum on antioxidant, anti-lipogenesis, and anti-inflammatory activity

Chun-Yen Chen; Shao-Hua Wang; Chih-Yu Huang; Cheng-Di Dong; Chun-Yung Huang; Chia-Che Chang; Jo-Shu Chang

doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.06.005

Effect of molecular mass and sulfate content of fucoidan from Sargassum siliquosum on antioxidant, anti-lipogenesis, and anti-inflammatory activity

J Biosci Bioeng. 2021 Oct;132(4):359-364. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.06.005. Epub 2021 Aug 11.

Authors

Chun-Yen Chen¹, Shao-Hua Wang², Chih-Yu Huang³, Cheng-Di Dong⁴, Chun-Yung Huang⁵, Chia-Che Chang⁶, Jo-Shu Chang⁷

Affiliations

¹ University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
² Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
³ Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Nanzih District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Nanzih District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Nanzih District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
⁶ Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
⁷ Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: changjs@mail.ncku.edu.tw.

PMID: 34389241
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.06.005

Abstract

Macroalgae (seaweeds) are abundant in functional polysaccharides known for their unique biochemical activities. In this study, the antioxidant, anti-lipogenic, and anti-inflammatory activities of the fucoidan extracted from brown seaweed Sargassum siliquosum were investigated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging ability, lipid synthesis inhibition, and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production, respectively. To examine the effect of molecular mass on fucoidan's bioactivities above, the extracted fucoidan was subject to hydrogen peroxide-mediated partial hydrolysis to obtain lower molecular mass compounds within the range of 107.3-3.2 kDa. Results indicated that fucoidan's antioxidant activity increased with a corresponding decrease in molecular mass; the dosage for the half-maximal response (EC₅₀) dropped from 2.58 to 1.82 mg/mL when the molecular mass decreased from 107.3 to 3.2 kDa. In addition, both the anti-lipogenesis and anti-inflammatory activities of fucoidan were significantly enhanced by 71.1% and 36.7%, respectively, when the molecular mass decreased to about 3 kDa. To further test the effect of sulfation on fucoidan's bioactivities, low molecular mass fucoidan was treated with SO₃-DMF to increase the sulfate content. The results indicated that when sulfate content increased from 18.7% to 32.1%, EC₅₀ of DPPH decreased from 1.82 mg/mL to 0.86 mg/mL and the anti-inflammatory activity also increased by 35.2%; however, the anti-lipogenesis activity decreased.

Keywords: Anti-inflammation; Anti-lipogenesis; Antioxidant; Fucoidan; Sargassum siliquosum.

MeSH terms

Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
Antioxidants / pharmacology
Polysaccharides / pharmacology
Sargassum*
Sulfates

Substances

Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Antioxidants
Polysaccharides
Sulfates
fucoidan