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Catechin as the Most Efficient Bioactive Compound from Azadirachta indica with Antibiofilm and Anti-quorum Sensing Activities Against Dental Biofilm: an In Vitro and In Silico Study

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Abstract

Neem (Azadirachta indica [AI]) is a unique and traditional source of antioxidant and antibacterial compounds. The GC-MS studies revealed that phytoextract of Azadirachta indica comprises a large number of phytocompounds that possess the efficacy of inhibiting the biofilm. It was observed that phytocompounds like catechin showed maximum eradication of biofilm along with the degradation of EPS structural components like carbohydrates and proteins compared to quercetin, nimbolide, nimbin, and azardirachtin, and hence, catechin was proved to be the best against dental plaque-forming bacteria. It was also observed that catechin was able to bring about a marked reduction in quorum sensing (QS) both in Alcaligenes faecalis and Pseudomonas gingivalis dental biofilm-forming strains. The extent of such reduction was maximum for catechin (94.56±2.56% in P. gingivalis & 96.56±2.5 in A. faecalis) in comparison to other bioactive compounds. It was further observed that the bioactive compounds possess the ability to quickly pass across the membrane and bring about inhibition in the DNA and RNA content of the sessile cells. This was further validated by microscopic and in silico studies. Thus, this study revealed that catechin obtained from the phytoextract of AI showed a marked ability to inhibit the dental biofilm and can be used as a natural drug-like compound in treating biofilm-associated chronic infections.

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Data have been generated as part of the routine work.

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Author notes

  1. Dibyajit Lahiri and Moupriya Nag contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Dibyajit Lahiri, Moupriya Nag, Indranil Mukherjee, Shreyasi Ghosh & Ritwik Banerjee

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Haringhata, West Bengal, India

    Bandita Dutta, Ankita Dey & Rina Rani Ray

Authors
  1. Dibyajit Lahiri
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  2. Moupriya Nag
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  3. Bandita Dutta
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  4. Indranil Mukherjee
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  5. Shreyasi Ghosh
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  6. Ankita Dey
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  7. Ritwik Banerjee
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Contributions

Dibyajit Lahiri isolated the bacterial strain and carried out other experimental procedures and helped to write the manuscript. Moupriya Nag conceived the study and revised experimental procedures and helped to write the manuscript. Indranil Mukherjee, Shreyasi Ghosh, Ankita Dey, and Ritwik Banerjee performed the experiment. Bandita Dutta carried out in silico studies. Rina Rani Ray designed the protocol, supervised the experimental procedures, and drafted the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rina Rani Ray.

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All work has been done under the guidelines of Institutional Ethics Committee MAKAUT: IEC-(18-19)/02 dated December 28, 2019. All authors have their consent to participate.

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Lahiri, D., Nag, M., Dutta, B. et al. Catechin as the Most Efficient Bioactive Compound from Azadirachta indica with Antibiofilm and Anti-quorum Sensing Activities Against Dental Biofilm: an In Vitro and In Silico Study. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 193, 1617–1630 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-021-03511-1

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