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Controlled Instant Pressure Drop (DIC) Pretreatment to Enhance Fractionation and Enzymatic Saccharification of Poppy Capsule Waste

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Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass is an important resource for biofuels, chemicals, and bioproducts; however, deconstructing its recalcitrant structure is a challenge. In this study, controlled instant pressure drop (DIC)-assisted alkaline pretreatment process of poppy capsule waste (PCW) was developed and statistically optimized with the aim of enhanced fractionation efficiency and production of fermentable sugars and xylooligosaccharides (XOs). The effects of DIC process variables on PCW fractionation were investigated. The optimal DIC conditions were found as 5 bar vapor pressure, 540 s processing time, and 9% (w/w) moisture content. At the second stage, optimum conditions for alkaline extraction were found as 22.58% (w/w) KOH, 1-h extraction time, and 22.15 mL precipitant volume. Process optimization concluded a hemicellulose separation yield of 26.37±0.08%, corresponding to 104.7% increase. Process optimization also contributed to the sustainability of the process by reducing KOH and precipitant consumption by 9.7% and 11.4%, respectively, with a concurrent shortening of the processing time from 24 to 1 h. DIC pretreatment enhanced the enzymatic hydrolysis yield of PCW, and a maximum glucan-to-glucose conversion yield of 22.85±0.74% was obtained, which corresponds to a 9-fold increase. Hydrolysis of PCW and hemicellulose-rich fraction by xylanase yielded xylose-free xylobiose (X2) as the principal product. SEM analysis demonstrated the expansion of PCW structure by DIC pretreatment, reasoning the higher fractionation efficiency and enzymatic hydrolysis yields. The optimized process could be an efficient option for lignocellulose fractionation, enzymatic saccharification, and XOs production within biorefinery concept while reducing the requirement for chemicals and processing time.

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Funding

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) (Project No: 2170336) financially supported this study. The SEM analysis was performed in Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center (BİLTEM).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Engineering, Balıkesir University, 10145, Balıkesir, Turkey

    Sibel Yağcı

  2. Department of Food Engineering, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, 70100, Karaman, Turkey

    Didem Sutay Kocabaş & Merve Köle

  3. Department of Food Engineering, University of Gaziantep, 27310, Gaziantep, Turkey

    Hatice Neval Özbek

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  1. Sibel Yağcı
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  2. Didem Sutay Kocabaş
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  3. Merve Köle
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  4. Hatice Neval Özbek
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Contributions

Sibel Yağcı: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, resources, writing (review and editing), and supervision

Didem Sutay Kocabaş: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, resources, writing (review and editing), supervision, and project administration

Merve Köle: collecting data, investigation, and formal analysis

Hatice Neval Özbek: formal analysis, investigation, and writing (review and editing)

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Correspondence to Sibel Yağcı.

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Yağcı, S., Kocabaş, D.S., Köle, M. et al. Controlled Instant Pressure Drop (DIC) Pretreatment to Enhance Fractionation and Enzymatic Saccharification of Poppy Capsule Waste. Bioenerg. Res. 15, 426–438 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-021-10288-y

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